Governor for fluid-pressure motors



May 20, .1930. v H, L COOK 1,759,641

GOVERNOR Foa FLUID PRESSURE Mo'rons Filed oct. 2o, 1928 sheets-snee: 2

llul im INVENTOR @Wy/M v ATT RNEY Patented lMay 20, 193D UNITED STATES PATENTA OFFICE i HAL L. Coox, or .CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, OHIO, AsQsIGNOR 'ro THE EOTOE Am TOOL COMPANY, OE CLEVELAND, Omo, A CORPORATION OE OHIO Application led October 20,

particularly for fluid operated motors such v as portable hand tools4 and thisapplication is an improvement on the subject matter of my prior application Serial No. 282,311, led June 2, 1928, now Patent No. 1,729,030.

Themain object of thel invention is to provide a governor which has long life and which is satisfactory in operation, which is sensitive to changes of speed, which isso constructed as to be substantially free from leakage, and is not likely to leak air by reason of wear or otherwise.

A further object of the'invention is to provide a port controlling weight actuated member which-is dampenedin its action so as to preventv free and undesirable oscillating movements which, if unchecked, might result -in unwarranted and undesired speed changes and vibration.

A still further object is to provide anar'- rangement of ports such that when thetool is operating under a load motive iiuidis supplied through all the ports but when running at its idling speed the motive iuid will be supplied through a single, port, this latter port as well as the others, being under con- -trol of the governor weight.

The above and other objectsv are attained by the invention which may be here briefly summarized as "consisting in certain novel details .of construction and combinations and` .arrangements of partsA which will be described in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompan ing sheets of drawlngs,

' Fig. 1 is a longitudlnal sectional view of the from the body of the motor along the ,line

L-of Fig. 1; 5 is-an enlarged View of a .portion of tne motor shown m Fig. 1, showing lthe motor spindle.

the governor in section on a somewhat larger scale than shown in Fig. 1; Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional Views along the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 6 showing the ports of the governor closed and Fig. 7 showing them Open; Figs. 8 and 9 are views similar to Figs. '6 and 7 showing a slight modication; and Fig. 10 is a side view -of the governor detached from.

In this instance I have shown my improved governor applied to a motor similar in con struction to that'const-ituting the subj ect matter of the Van Hamersveld and'Cook Patent No. 1,653,748 granted December 27, 1927. As the invention does not reside in the motor per se, the structure of the motor will be-only briefly described. It includes a cylinder body 10 having a cylindrical bore extending from end to end therethrough. A motor spindle 11 has keyed or otherwise secured to it two rotors 12 which are eccentrically arranged on the spindle and are disposed 180 apart. Between the rotors there is a ball'bearing 13 for the spindle which bearing has a housing held in place by a set-screw 14. The cylinder -body has a lateral extension and formed.. in

this from opposite ends are a pair of radial guideways 15 which receive sliding abutment blades 16 whose inner ends at all times engage the peripheries of the two rotors.

The opposite ends of the cylinder body are closed by plates 17 and to these are attachedv two handles 18 and'19, aportion of the latter only being shown. Any suitable motive fluid, which is generally airunder pressure and which for convenience will be referred to as air, is supplied through the handle 18 in a m nner hereinafter mentioned. The motor spin le extends through the handle 19, and is` journaled in the bearing 13 referred to above and in another bearing, not shown, which is provided near the outer end of the-handle 19. 10 the end of the spindle may be secured a suitable tool such as a grinding wheel or the like. v

The air enters the handle 18 at the opening in the bushing 20 and passes assageway 21 which extends through the by way of a handle to a valve 22 arranged in a portion of the handle 18 and controllable by a lever 23 A* which can be conveniently yoperated by the hand of the operator grasping the handle 18. From this valve the air passes to a passageway 24 and theni'through an opening 25 to the governor chamber 26 which is formed in the inner end of the handle 18 adjacent the cylinder body, the opening being in a wall` 27 separating the passageway 24 from the ygovernor chamber26. vAs will be explained exhausted by other passageways not shown,

the inlet and exhaust passageways being preferably arranged as shown in the'Van Hamersveld and Cook patent referred to above. n

The handle 18 also has a lubricating chamber 18a from which lubricant passes by way way 213 of a port controlled by a needle valve 18", into the stream of air passing through passage- The governor constitutingvthe present invention is located in the governor chamber 26 and is attached to the end of the spindle which projects into this chamber, so as to rotate with the spindle. The governor in- -cludes a main or body portion havinga threaded stem 30- which is screwed into a threaded opening formed in the end of the spindle. Additionally, the body member of 4the governor is provided with a disk portion 31 and with a sleeve-like portion 32 which projectsl from the disk 31 in line with the axis of the spindleand has a runningit in a bushing'33secured in the opening 25 in the wall 27, this bushing having a shoulder 33a formed on its inner end and bearing against the inner face of the wall 27 so as to holdI the bushin in place. The sleeve 32 forming va part o the governor body is provided with one or more ports 34, Fi s. 6 and 7 showing two oppositely dispose ports which are '.'somewhat elongated and terminate a short distance from the disk 31 and from the bushing 33'. Surrounding the sleeve 32-lis a second sleeve 35 provided with a corresponding number of ports 36, Figs. 6 and 7 showingv two oppositely disposed ports which are of the' same size rand contour as the ports 34 and are adapted to be brought into 'registravtionlwith the ports 34 when the motor is op-l erating under its usual load and to move neary ly out ofregistration with the ports 34 when the motor is running idle.

, It vwill be observed that the outer sleeve 35 isprovided adj acentthe disk 31 with gear teeth 37 and these are engaged bygear teeth in thenature of a -ra'ck carried by a governor arm 38 which is pivoted by means of a bearin`g stud 39 on the disk 31. The arm 38 serves as a governor weight which is adapted to be moved outwardly by centrifugal removable portion 40 to give it the weight or mass desired for a given speed of the motor.

The arm isnormally held in its innermost position indicated in Fig. 7 by a spring 41 one end of which is attached tothe arm 38 and the other to a support 42 which is preferably in the form of a segment adjustably secured to the disk 31, this segment in this instance having a slot 42EL and being held in place by screws 43 passing through the slot into the disk, the length of the slot being such, vas regards the spacing of the screws, that considerable adjustment can be given to the segment in either direction to vary the length or strength of the spring in resisting the outward movement of the weighted governor arm 38.

n It might be here mentioned that the idle speed of the motorl which brings about the ytorce and it is preferably provided with a near closing of the ports can be determined or regulated either by increasing or decreasing the weight of the governor arm 38 or by varying the length and therefore the tension of the spring 41 through adjustment of the segment 42 or by utilizing both methods.

It will be observed by` reference particularly to Figs. 6 and 7 as well .as to Figs. 8 and 9, that the pivotal point of the governor arm 38 and its point of engagement of the toothed portion with the gear 27 are practi-H cally diametrically opposite each other with the pivot point of the governor arm near the periphery of the vdisk 41,. This provides 'a long leverage for the arm 38 giving the outer sleeve 35 a considerable circumferential move-l ment for a rela-tively small inward or outward movement'of the weightv 40. This renders the governor exceedingly sensitive to small changes of speed while at the same time it imparts such amovement'to the sleeve as to bring the ports from a position of registration to a position more or less out of registration. Furthermore it will be noted thatthe arm partially encircles the sleeve 35 and issomewhat L-shaped, the movement of the toothed portion of the arm being nearly in a straight line substantially in line with the axis ofthe spring 41 whose angular position changes very little between the extreme movel ments-of the outer sleeve. Thus-the governor arm hasv a very direct action on the spring adding to thesensitiveness of the governor, it being noted also that the spring is attached to that part of the governor which is at the maximum distance from the pivot point 39 so that the leverage through which the springvacts on the goverir. arm is also `at its maximum. I This likewise-adds to the sensitiveness of the governor.

necessary to invert or reverse the position of` the sleeve by turning it 18()o from its original position when the governor has two pairs of ports asshown in Figs. 6 and 7, and 120O when it has three pairs of ports as shown in Figs. Sand 9 to bring a new set of teeth into position to be engaged by the toothed part of thegovernor arm. p

As previously stated, Fig. 7 shows the ports in registration asv when the tool is operating sleeve 32 and out under load, the air then passing freely from the passageway 24 directly into the end of the through the aligned ports int'o the chamber 26. When the .speed increases, as when the load is decreased or re' moved entirely, the outer Isleeve is turned so as to bring the ports more or less out ofreg.-

istrat-ion and if there is a sudden increase in speed as when the load is entirely removed the ports may come entirely out of registration as inFig. 6, and then as the speed decreases theA sleeve w1ll move back slightly until small portions of theV ports will be in registration so as .to allow the passage of a 4small volume of air to run the motor at its idling speed.

' outer sleeve,

It might be mentioned further that the the .rocking of which brings the ports 34and 36 into and out of registration, has a full bearing on the inner sleeve 32 so that it is susceptible to very little wear and retains the desired close fit on the inner sleeve over a long period of time so that the governor remains practically free of leakage throughout its life'.

The outward movement of the governor arm is limited by a stoppin 45 as shown in Fig. 6 and the inward movement of the arm is limited by the engagement of the arm with the gear teeth of sleeve 35 as shown in Fig. 7.

Generally the number of pairsof ports in the sleeves 32 and 35 will depend upon the volume of air to be supplied to the motor. In some instances a, single pair of ports will be sufficient. In other instances two pairs will be desirable as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, and inother cases more than two pairs of ports may be advantageously employed.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown three pairs of equally spaced ports, those in the sleeve 32 being designated 34"i and those inthe outer sleeve being designated 36a, 36a and 36h. In illustrating these ports I have shown two features -which are not shown in the construction first described but which may be employed to advantage. ,It will be noted that'the ports 36a, 36aof but the port 36b is somewhat wider. AThis last mentioned port is made wider than the other two because it has been founddesirable that when'the motor is running at its idling speed the motive fluid be supplied through one port as illustrated in Fig. 8. When the mo only, tor isoperating under load the portswill all be full open as shown in Fig. 9 but when running at its idling speed, the relatively wide port 36b will slightly uncover the associated port 34a, the other two ports 34a at that position of the sleeve 35 being 'still entirely closed. This feature may be employed whenever two or more pairs o ports are employed, the result being a better andv more sensitive control of the idling speed of the motor. It might be stated that when thesleeve 35 is in the position shown in Fig. 8, i. e., when the motor is running idle, the sleeveis under Ithe control of the governor arm. The flow of motive fluid is shut off entirely and all ports are closed when the governor arm is lmoved to its outermost position against the stop pin.

It will be noted also that in these figures one side of each of the three ports of the sleeve 35 is beveledoff.' This beveling is on the side opposite the direction of rotation and is for the purpose of decreasing the resistance to the flow of air through the ports. This feature also may be employed regardless of.

the number of ports. v "It has been'found that in some governors there is an unstable laction or condition due to a tendency of the governor weight and the member which it controls to undergo too rapid changes in position resultingin a vibratory action and in an unsteady vmotor speed. This makes it desirable to provide in such governors a dampening action which may be accomplished in different Ways but in this instance by the provision of a relatively weak spring 46 which acts on the arm 38 in opposition to the main governor spring 41. This spring 46 as illustrated is a wire spring which is coiled around the pivot stud 39 for the arm 38 as shown in Figs. 6,'7, 8, 9 and 10, one end of the spring bearing against the arm 38 and the other, in this case, bearing against one of the screws 43. This spring being much weaker than the spring 41 does not prevent the latter moving they arm 38 inward but it dampens and slows its action sufficiently to prevent undesirable oscillations as have occurred before and therefore undesirable changes in speed of the motor and vibrations in the' tool itself by reason thereof. This dampening or dash pot effect may be employed advantageously regardless of the number of pairs of orts in the sleeves and in fact is not necessarily confined to a governor of the specific type herein illustrated.

the sleeve 35 are of the same sizeV ioo I do not desire to be confined to the precise details and arrangements illustrated but aim inmy claims to cover all modilications which do not depart fromthe spirit and scope of the invention.

, Having thus described my invention, I claim: l

1. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a governor body adapted to be connected to the motor spindle and having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted exteriorly thereon, a governor arm carried by the governor body and having a connection with said sleeve so as to turn it, and means for dampening the vaction of the governor arm.

2. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprismg a governor body adapted to be connected with the spindle of the motor and having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted exteriorly thereon, a governor arm carried by the governor body and Having a toothed connection with the sleeve, and means for dampening the action of the governor arm.

3. A governor for afluid pressure motor comprising a governor body having a hollow ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm pivoted on the bod on one side of the sleeve-like portion andy having on the opposite sde thereof a connection with the sleeve, and means for dampening the action of the governor arm.

4. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a governorbody having a hollow ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm pivoted on the body and havinga connection with the sleeve so as to turn it to vary the relative positions of the ports,a spring connected to the arm, the latter having a portion which has a .substantially straight line movement substantially in line with the spring, and a second spring acting on the arm in opposition to the first-named spring. n

y 5. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm extending part Way about the sleeve and connected therewith so as to turn it to vary the relative positions of theV ports, a spring connected with the governor arm, the pivot for the arm y and the connection with the ported sleeve being on opposite sides of the latter, and means acting on the arm to dampen the action of the arm and spring.

6. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon having a toothed portion, a governor arm extending part way about the sleeve and having a toothed portion engaging the toothed portion of -the sleeve, a spring connected with the arm, and means for dampening the action of the arm and ,e I

spring.

7. governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a-governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported extension, a ported sleeve mounted thereon and having a toothed portion, an angular governor arm having a pivot point on the governor body and having a toothed portion substantially diametrically opposite the Vpivot point and engaging the toothed portion of the sleeve, a spring connected to the governor arm,,and means for dampening the action of the arm and spring. g. A governor for a liuid pressure motorl comprising a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm pivoted to the governor body and extending part way around the sleeve, a spring connected to the arm and located on the side of the sleeve opposite the pivot and a second spring acting on vthe arm in opposition to the 4first named spring.l

lO. A governor for a uid pressure motor,

comprising a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon and having a toothed pora governor arm pivoted on the governor tion, body on one side of the sleeve and extending part way around the sleeve to the opposite side thereof where it has a toothed portion engaging the toothed portion of thesleeve, a spring also located on the side of the sleeve and connected with the arm, and means for dampening the action of the spring and arm. 11. A governor for a fluid pressure motor comprising a governor body with a movable port controlling member, a weight for shifting said member, a'spring for opposing its movement, and means acting in opposition to the spring for dampening the action of the weight and spring.

12. A governor for a luid pressure motor having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve associated therewith and movable with respect thereto, a Weighted governor arm connected with said sleeve, a governor spring for opposing the movement of the arm, and means acting in opposition to the spring for dampening the action of the arm and spring. 13. A governor for a fluid pressure motor having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported last mentioned point, an adjustable support i for the sprl-ng mounted on the governor body,

sleeve associated therewith and movable with respect thereto, a weighted governor arm connected with said sleeve, a governor sprin for opposing the movement of the arm, an

a relatively light spring also connected to the governor arm in opposition to the governor spring.

14. In combination with a fluid pressure motor having a spindle, a governor having a sleeve-like portion, a sleeve associated-therewith and movable with respect thereto, and a spring-opposed weight for shifting the sleeve, the sleeve-like portion of the governor and the sleeve having a plurality of pairs of ports arranged so that in one position they are in substantially full registration and in another position when the motor is idling the motive Huid for the idling speed is supplied through one port only.

15.- In combination with a fluid pressure motor having a spindle, a governor having a sleeve-like portion, a sleeve associated therewith and movable with respect thereto, and

a spring opposed weight for shifting the sleeve, the sleeve-like portion and the sleeve having a plurality of pairs of ports arranged so that when the weight is in its outermost position all ports are closed by .the sleeves and when the weight is moved inwardly one 'port only will rst be opened for the idling speed and on further inward movement the remaining ports are opened. v

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afix my Si ature.

gn HAL L. cooK, 

